Hyang P.............. is different from Dang Pipa in that, while Dang Pipa has four strings and the neck part is straight, Hyang Pipa has five strings and its neck is curved. In Sam-Gook-Sa-Gi, Hyang Pipa is introduced as follows; "Hyang Pipa is very similar to the systems of Dang Dynasty. It originated from the Shilla Dynasty but it is not known who first started it.". Hyang Pipa is a traditional string instrument that belongs to a group of musical instruments classified as “three strings, three bamboos’; Geomungo, Kayagum, and Hyang Pipa belongs to the Three Strings Group, and Daegeum, Joonggeum, and Sogeum to the Three Bamboos Group. Ohyeon Pipa(Pipa with 5 strings) is sometimes referred simply as Ohyeon(5 strings), and is a the instrument of the countries bordering on Western China introduced to Korea through China. During the Su and Dang dynasty, Pipa doesn’t seem to have been used when playing Cheong-ak and Yeon-ak part in “Gu-Bu-Gi” and “Sim-Bu-Gi”; instead it was used only for performing the pieces of the countries bordering on Western China including Seo-ryang, Gu-ja, So-reuk, An-guk, and Cheon-chuk. As shown here, Oheyon Pipa was introduced to Shilla via Goguryeo from China. The Ohyeon Pipa that is being kept in Naeryang Jeongchangwon in Japan has floral pattern engraved with clam shells, an attachment of a hawksbill turtle, on top of which is a Manchurian man playing Pipa riding on a camel. Given to Japan by Dang dynasty (756 AD), this instrument has five straight strings, straight neck, and five tuners. Ak-Hak-Gwe-Bum gives a detailed account on how to make Hyang Pipa, names of each part and the length, as well as how to play it. It had total 10 tuners and is to be played with a plectrum. Hyang Pipa looks similar in shape to Ohyeon Pipa, apparently from which it was inspired. However, based on the numbers, positions of tuner and arrangement of the strings and methods of using left and right hand when playing, it is completely different from Ohyeon Pipa of Dang Dynasty. That is, Hyang Pipa was a newly developed instrument during the Shilla Dynasty, based on the playing techniques of Geomungo since the arrival of Ohyeon Pipa. Hyang Pipa was used to accompany songs and dances from Goryeo through Chosun Dynasty. Until 1930, it was used when playing court music of Iwangjik, records of which are unfortunately lost until 1988 when the number of tuners has increased to 31, subsequently expanding the sound range significantly. It was also renovated in order to be used in not only traditional pieces but also in newly created pieces as well, and remains as such till today.