. .,,,..................has four strings with a curved neck, and generally is referred as Pipa. According to <Seok-Myeong>, and <Pung-Sok-Tong-Eui>, Pipa was originally played riding on a back of a horse in the northern barbarian regions in China, and it is named after the movement of the hands that play it; ‘pi’ from pushing hands out, and ‘pa’ from pulling in towards the player. This instrument is introduced to China from the countries bordering on western China.. Literature that accounts for the history of Dang Pipa in Korea include Sik-Hwa-Ji in the early part of the thirtieth year of King Mun-jong where a record can be found that there was <Dang Pipa> during that time. Other records include; Pongsu Pipa from the sarira casket made of copper at Gameunsa temple founded in 682 and many other Buddhist remains including ; relief of Gyeyumyeong Amitabha at Biamsa temple estimated to have been founded in 673 (thirteenth year of King Mun-mu); Jijeungdaesa Jeokmyeoltopsin of Bongamsa temple in Mungyeong; and Dong-jong at Sangwonsa temple. The term Dang Pipa can be found in <Goryeosa> . In case of the Chosun Dynasty, during the reign of King Se-jong, everyone at Gwaneupdogam was supposed to learn Dang Pipa, and Dang Pipa took a part while playing Hyang-ak at Eojeonryewon. During the reign of King Seong-jong, when administrators wanted to learn music, they were required to learn Dang Pipa first. In Ak-Hak-Gwe-beom, there is a section where explanation about how to make Dang Pipa, as well as how to tune the string section and how to play them can be seen. According to the explanation, Pipa is played with its foot area held down when playing a Dang-ak, as opposed to using Kajo, a pick to play strings, when playing a Hyang-ak. The shape of Dang Pipa can be seen in the painting of a court music performance where court musicians are shown to play Dang Pipa during the Japanese colony, however its record is lost. In 1988, numbers of the fret has been increased to 26 in order to expand the sound range, and it was renovated in order to play new, creative pieces as well.